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Named for Chautauqua Lake in upstate New York, the first Chautauqua was created by Methodist ministers for Sunday school teachers. Their plan derived from the original Chautauqua, established in 1874. The Texans believed the Chautauqua platform, based on four pillars - education, cultural arts, religion and recreation - would be perfect for the retreat they envisioned. When the news came that Texas education officials were looking for a mountain spot for an educational teachers' retreat, Boulder officials put their hat in the ring with enthusiasm. Some 100,000 prospectors, mostly men, set out for the Rocky Mountains hoping to make their fortunes.īoulder grew slowly at first. In 1871, the fledgling city was incorporated as the Town of Boulder, with a population of just over 340 residents. News of gold discoveries near Denver and at Gold Run spread and led to the 'Rush to the Rockies' in the spring of 1859.

The price was much higher than in other towns like Denver, and the lots didn’t sell quickly. Never mind that the settlement was in violation of the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie, which granted the land to the Plains Indians, the town founders divided up the acres into 4,044 lots and priced them at $1,000 each.

On February 10, 1859, the group of 60 prospectors established the Boulder City Town Company, named for the large number of boulders they found in nearby streams. After finding gold in a stream near present-day Gold Hill in the mountains west of Boulder, they made their settlement permanent, breaking a promise to Chief Niwot and his band of Southern Arapahos who lived in what is now Boulder. In the fall of 1858, a group of prospectors from Nebraska made their way to what is now called Boulder Creek.

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